Step-by-Step Guide to Install Ubuntu on VirtualBox

Running Ubuntu on VirtualBox is an excellent way to explore the Linux environment without altering your primary operating system. Whether you’re a developer, student, or tech enthusiast, this setup allows you to experiment with Ubuntu’s features safely and efficiently.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through the process of installing the latest Ubuntu version on VirtualBox, ensuring compatibility and optimal performance. Let’s dive in!

Prerequisites

Before we begin, ensure you have the following:

• Host Operating System: Windows 10/11, macOS, or Linux
• RAM: Minimum 8 GB (16 GB recommended)
• Storage: At least 30 GB of free disk space
• Internet Connection: For downloading necessary files

Step 1: Download and Install VirtualBox

VirtualBox is a free and open-source virtualization tool that allows you to run multiple operating systems on your computer.

1. Visit the official VirtualBox website.
2. Download the latest version compatible with your host OS.
3. Run the installer and follow the on-screen instructions to complete the installation.

Step 2: Download the Ubuntu ISO File

Ubuntu provides ISO files for installation. Here’s how to get the latest version:

1. Navigate to the Ubuntu Downloads page.
2. Select the latest LTS (Long-Term Support) version for stability.
3. Click on the download link to obtain the ISO file.

Step 3: Create a New Virtual Machine in VirtualBox

With VirtualBox installed and the Ubuntu ISO downloaded, proceed to create a new virtual machine:

1. Open VirtualBox and click on “New”.
2. Enter a name for your VM (e.g., “Ubuntu 25.04”).
3. Set the Type to “Linux” and Version to “Ubuntu (64-bit)”.
4. Click “Next”.

Allocate Memory (RAM)

1. Choose the amount of RAM to allocate. At least 4 GB is recommended.
2. Click “Next”.

Create a Virtual Hard Disk

1. Select “Create a virtual hard disk now” and click “Create”.
2. Choose VDI (VirtualBox Disk Image) and click “Next”.
3. Select “Dynamically allocated” and click “Next”.
4. Set the disk size to at least 25 GB and click “Create”.

Step 4: Configure the Virtual Machine Settings

Fine-tuning the VM settings ensures better performance and compatibility.

1. Select your newly created VM and click on “Settings”.
2. Under “System”, ensure that Floppy is unchecked in the boot order.
3. In the “Processor” tab, allocate at least 2 CPUs.
4. Navigate to “Display” and set the Video Memory to 128 MB.
5. Under “Storage”, click on the empty optical drive, then click the disk icon to choose a disk file. Select the Ubuntu ISO you downloaded earlier.
6. Click “OK” to save the settings.

Step 5: Install Ubuntu on the Virtual Machine

Now, let’s install Ubuntu on your virtual machine:

1. With the VM selected, click “Start”.
2. The VM will boot from the ISO. Choose “Install Ubuntu”.
3. Select your preferred language and keyboard layout.
4. Choose “Normal installation” and check both download updates and install third-party software options.
5. For installation type, select “Erase disk and install Ubuntu” (this only affects the virtual disk).
6. Click “Install Now” and confirm any prompts.
7. Set your time zone, user name, and password.
8. Click “Continue” and wait for the installation to complete.
9. Once done, click “Restart Now”.

Step 6: Install VirtualBox Guest Additions

Guest Additions enhance the performance and usability of your VM.

1. After Ubuntu restarts, log in with your credentials.
2. In the VirtualBox menu, go to “Devices” > “Insert Guest Additions CD image”.
3. Ubuntu will prompt you to run the software. Click “Run”.
4. Enter your password when prompted.
5. Once the installation is complete, restart the VM.

Step 7: Optimize Ubuntu Settings

To ensure a smooth experience, consider the following optimizations:

• Update System: Open Terminal and run sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade.
• Install Essential Tools: For development purposes, install build-essential packages.
• Enable Shared Clipboard: In VirtualBox settings, under “General” > “Advanced”, set Shared Clipboard to “Bidirectional”.
• Adjust Display Settings: Set the resolution to match your screen for better visuals.

By following this guide, you’ve successfully installed Ubuntu on VirtualBox, providing a safe environment to explore and utilize Ubuntu’s features. This setup is ideal for testing applications, learning Linux commands, or developing in a Linux environment without affecting your primary OS.

Remember to regularly update your Ubuntu system and take snapshots in VirtualBox to save the current state of your VM. This way, you can experiment freely, knowing you can always revert to a previous state if needed. Enjoy your journey into the world of Ubuntu!